Henry Oliver Walker (1843–1929) was an American painter best known for his figure work and large mural decorations. Born in Boston, he studied in Paris under Léon Bonnat at the École des Beaux‑Arts before returning to the United States to establish a studio in New York. Walker created major murals for public buildings, including the Library of Congress, the Appellate Court House in New York City, and state capitols in Massachusetts and Minnesota. In 1888, he joined the Cornish Art Colony in New Hampshire and married textile designer Laura Marquand. He became a member of the National Academy of Design in 1902 and died in Belmont, Massachusetts.