John S. Jameson (1842–1864) was an American landscape painter whose promising career was cut short during the Civil War. Born in Hartford, Connecticut, Jameson demonstrated exceptional artistic ability at a young age and became a student of the prominent Hudson River School painter Frederic Edwin Church. He exhibited at the National Academy of Design and the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts while still in his teens, establishing a reputation as a talented young landscape artist. Jameson enlisted during the Civil War and died in 1864 at Andersonville Prison in Georgia at just twenty-two years of age. His surviving paintings reflect the influence of the Hudson River School and include detailed landscapes and pastoral subjects.